E ai ki tētahi rangahau hou o ngā mano o ngā tauira roro i muri i te matenga, he rerekē ngā tauira whakaaturanga o ngā ira e whai wāhi ana ki te mahi a te pūnaha ārai mate i roto i ngā roro o te hunga whai mate io me te hinengaro, tae atu ki te autism.
O ngā ira ārai mate 1,275 i rangahaua, 765 (60%) i nui rawa, i iti iho rānei te whakaputanga i roto i ngā roro o ngā pakeke me tētahi o ngā mate e ono: te autism, te schizophrenia, te mate bipolar, te pouri, te mate a Alzheimer, te mate a Parkinson rānei. He rerekē ēnei tauira whakaputanga i ia take ki ia take, e kī ana he "waitohu" motuhake tō ia tangata, e ai ki te kairangahau matua a Chunyu Liu, he ahorangi hinengaro me ngā pūtaiao whanonga i te Whare Wānanga Hauora o Northern State i Syracuse, New York.
E ai ki a Liu, ko te whakaaturanga o ngā ira ārai mate ka taea te whakamahi hei tohu mō te mumura. Ko tēnei whakahohenga ārai mate, inā koa i roto i te kōpū, e pā ana ki te autism, ahakoa kāore i te mārama te tikanga e puta ai.
"Ki taku whakaaro he mea nui te mahi a te pūnaha ārai mate ki ngā mate roro," te kī a Liu. "He kaitākaro nui ia."
I kī a Christopher Coe, he ahorangi emeritus mō te hinengaro koiora i Te Whare Wānanga o Wisconsin-Madison, kāore i uru ki te rangahau, kāore e taea te mārama mai i te rangahau mēnā he wāhi tō te whakahohenga ārai mate ki te whakaputa i tētahi mate, i te mate tonu rānei. Nā tēnei i hua ake ai ngā huringa o te whakahohenga ārai mate. Job.
I tātarihia e Liu mā rātou ko tana tīma ngā taumata whakaaturanga o ngā ira ārai mate 1,275 i roto i ngā tauira roro 2,467 i muri i te matenga, tae atu ki te 103 tāngata he autism me te 1,178 mana whakahaere. I riro mai ngā raraunga mai i ngā pātengi raraunga transcriptome e rua, arā, ko ArrayExpress me Gene Expression Omnibus, me ētahi atu rangahau kua whakaputaina i mua.
He rerekē te taumata toharite o te whakaaturanga o ngā ira 275 i roto i ngā roro o ngā tūroro autism i tērā i roto i te rōpū whakahaere; 638 ngā ira rerekē te whakaaturanga o ngā roro o ngā tūroro Alzheimer, ā, whai muri ko te schizophrenia (220), te Parkinson's (97), te bipolar (58), me te pouri (27).
He rerekē ake ngā taumata whakapuakanga o te ngākau i roto i ngā tāne autism i ngā wāhine autism, ā, he rerekē ake ngā roro o ngā wāhine pouri i ngā roro o ngā tāne pouri. Kāore i whakaatuhia he rerekētanga ira tangata i roto i ngā āhuatanga e whā e toe ana.
Ko ngā tauira whakapuakanga e pā ana ki te autism he rite ake ki ngā mate pūnaha io pērā i te mate a Alzheimer me te mate a Parkinson i ērā atu mate hinengaro. E ai ki te whakamāramatanga, me mōhiotia ngā āhuatanga tinana o te roro e ngā mate pūnaha io, pērā i te ngaronga o ngā neuron dopaminergic i roto i te mate a Parkinson. Kāore anō kia tautuhia e ngā kairangahau tēnei āhuatanga o te autism.
"Ko tēnei [āhuatanga rite] he huarahi anō hei tūhura mā tātou," te kī a Liu. "Tērā pea ka pai ake tā tātou mārama ki te mate pukupuku i tētahi rā."
E rua ngā ira, arā, ko te CRH me te TAC1, i tino whakarerekētia i roto i ēnei mate: i heke te CRH i roto i ngā mate katoa engari ko te mate a Parkinson, ā, i heke te TAC1 i roto i ngā mate katoa engari ko te pouri. E pā ana ngā ira e rua ki te whakahohenga o ngā microglia, arā, ngā pūtau ārai mate o te roro.
I kī a Coe, ko te whakahohenga o ngā microglia kāore i te tino noa ka "whakararu i te neurogenesis me te synaptogenesis noa," ka whakararuraru hoki i ngā mahi neuron i raro i ngā āhuatanga maha.
I kitea i roto i tētahi rangahau i te tau 2018 mō ngā kiko roro i muri i te matenga, he ōrite te whakaaturanga o ngā ira e pā ana ki ngā astrocytes me te mahi synaptic i roto i te hunga whai autism, schizophrenia, mate bipolar rānei. Engari i kitea i roto i te rangahau he nui rawa te whakaaturanga o ngā ira microglial i roto i ngā tūroro whai autism.
Ko te hunga he nui ake te whakahohenga o ngā ira ārai mate, tera pea he "mate mumura roro" tō rātou, te kī a Michael Benros, te kaiārahi rangahau me te ahorangi o te hinengaro koiora me te tika i te Whare Wānanga o Copenhagen i Denmark, kāore i uru ki te mahi.
"He mea whakamere pea te ngana ki te tautuhi i ēnei rōpū iti pea, me te tuku atu i ētahi maimoatanga motuhake ake ki a rātou," te kī a Benroth.
I kitea i roto i te rangahau ko te nuinga o ngā panonitanga o te whakaaturanga i kitea i roto i ngā tauira kiko roro kāore i kitea i roto i ngā huinga raraunga o ngā tauira whakaaturanga ira i roto i ngā tauira toto mai i te hunga whai mate kotahi. Ko te kitenga "āhua ohorere" e whakaatu ana i te hiranga o te ako i te whakaritenga o te roro, e ai ki a Cynthia Schumann, he ahorangi hinengaro me ngā pūtaiao whanonga i te MIND Institute i UC Davis, kāore i uru ki te rangahau.
Kei te hangaia e Liu mā rātou ko tana tīma ngā tauira pūtau kia pai ake ai te mārama mena he take whai wāhi te mumura ki te mate roro.
I whakaputaina tuatahitia tēnei tuhinga ki Spectrum, te paetukutuku rongonui mō ngā rangahau autism. Whakahuatia tēnei tuhinga: https://doi.org/10.53053/UWCJ7407