Polyether Whakapūmau Pūmua Polycarboxylate
Ko ngā taputapu whakaiti wai mahi-teitei e ahu mai ana i te polycarboxylate he whakatupuranga hou o ngā taputapu whakaiti wai mahi-teitei kua puta ake i roto i te motu me te ao i ngā tau tata nei. Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā taputapu whakaiti wai mahi-teitei tuku iho pērā i ngā mea e ahu mai ana i te naphthalene, he maha ngā painga hangarau ahurei o ngā taputapu whakaiti wai mahi-teitei e ahu mai ana i te polycarboxylate:
(1) He iti te horopeta me te tere whakaheke wai nui;
(2) He tino pai te pupuri i te rere o ngā ranunga raima;
(3) He pai te hototahitanga ki te sima;
(4) He iti te mimiti o te raima i hangaia ki a rātou, ā, ka āwhina tēnei ki te whakapai ake i te pumau o te rōrahi me te roa o te raima;
(5) He pai mō te taiao, ā, kāore he parahanga i te wā e hangaia ana, e whakamahia ana hoki, ā, ka taka ki roto i te kāwai o ngā ranunga matomato.
i roto i ngā tukanga whakaputa o ngā umanga e tika ana.
Te Mahi Matua a te Polyether Superplasticizer Polycarboxylate:
1. Ngā Āhuatanga Āhua o te Polyether Superplasticizer Polycarboxylate:
| Rārangi | Uara |
|---|---|
| Kiato | 500±15 |
| Ihirangi Pūmau | 98±1% |
| Uara pH | 6–7 |
| Iona hauhāora | <0.1% |
| Ihirangi Kawakore Katoa | <5% |
2. Mahi Whakapiri
| Te Inenga Paura (%) | Te Auau Whakaiti Wai (%) |
|---|---|
| 0.14 | 18 |
| 0.18 | 23 |
| 0.20 | 29 |
| 0.22 | 32 |
| Te Inenga Paura (%) | Te Auau Whakaiti Wai (%) |
|---|---|
| 0.14 | 18 |
| 0.18 | 23 |
| 0.20 | 29 |
| 0.22 | 32 |
(1) He tino pai te marara me te rere o te sima ahakoa he iti ngā horopeta;(2) He nui te pikinga o te rere o te whakapiri ina kei waenga i te horopeta te 0.12% ki te 0.22%;(3) Kāore he ngaronga rere o te whakapiri i muri i te 1 hāora;(4) He nui ake i te rua ngā wā te rere o te whakapiri i ngā taputapu whakaiti wai whai hua e wātea ana i te mākete.
3. Te Mahi a te Moata
(1) Ko te tere whakaheke wai o te moata e rite ana ki te rere o te whakapiri: ko te rere o te whakapiri ka nui ake te tere whakaheke wai o te moata;(2) Ka tere te piki o te tere whakaheke wai me te horopeta, ā, ka noho tonu ki te taumata teitei; i te horopeta kotahi, tata ki te 35% teitei ake i ngā whakaiti wai tino whai hua e wātea ana i te hokohoko;(3) Ka rerekē pea te tere whakaheke wai raima i te tere whakaheke wai moata nā te awe o ngā ranunga me ngā āhuatanga o te konganuku: ki te whakarei ake ngā ranunga me ngā konganuku i te rere o te raima, ka nui ake te tere whakaheke wai raima i te moata; ki te kore, ka iti iho;(4) Te mahi ārai huka i ngā pāmahana i runga ake i te -5℃, he pai mō te whakamahi hei kaihoko ārai huka i roto i te raima.
4. Te Mahi Konukuraiti Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer Polyether
(1) Te Kaha o te Konukuraiti Te ōwehenga o te ranunga konukuraiti (kg/m³):
| Rōpū | Wai | Sima | Oneone | Kohatu |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tohutoro | 200 | 330 | 712 | 1163 |
| Me te whakaiti wai paura 0.16% | 138 | 327 | 734 | 1198 |
Te ōwehenga tipu kaha pēhanga (vs. tohutoro) (%):
| Tau | 1 rā | 3 ngā rā | 7 ngā rā | 28 ngā rā | 90 ngā rā |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tauwehenga | 220 | 190 | 170 | 170 | 170 |
(2) Waikawa Polycarboxylic Tote Konutai Ētahi atu Āhuatanga o te Konukuraiti
| Rārangi | Uara |
|---|---|
| Ōwehenga o te Reiti Toto | ≤85% |
| Ōwehenga Auau Whakaiti | ≤75% |
| Te Wā Whakatakoto Tuatahi | +40 ~ 80 meneti |
| Te Wā Whakatakoto Whakamutunga | +0 ~ 10 meneti |
| Ihirangi Hau | ≤3% |
He iti ake te tere toto me te tere mimiti o te raima i konatunatua ki te paura whakaiti wai i te raima tohutoro; ka roa ake te wā whakatakoto tuatahi mō te 60 meneti ki te whakataurite ki te tohutoro, engari he tata rite tonu te wā whakatakoto whakamutunga; ko te nui o te hau e whakahaeretia ana i te nuinga o te wā ko te 2–4%.
Te Inenga i Manakohia:
Te horopeta e taunakitia ana mō te raima: 0.1~0.25% o te horopeta sima. Ko te whakaiti wai he paura me te polycarboxylate hei wāhanga matua (te ihirangi totoka ~98%). Ko te horopeta noa ko te 0.12%–0.3%:
I te horopeta o te 0.06% anake, ka eke ki te 12% te tere whakaheke wai me te 23% te tipu kaha, he pai ake i ngā kaihoko papu noa e wātea ana i te mākete;
I te 0.1% te horopeta, ka nui ake tōna mahi i ngā mea whakaiti wai tino whai hua e ahu mai ana i te naphthalene me te melamine whānui;
I raro iho i te 0.14% te horopeta, kāore i te tino hira te hiranga o te ngāwari o te mahi;
Ki te nui ake i te 0.20% te horopeta, ka eke te kaha mahi me te kaha papu o te raima ki tētahi taumata tino pai.
Te horopeta tino pai kua tūtohutia: 0.12–0.24%. Mō te raima kaha-teitei, te raima me te paura pungarehu rere/para nui-rahi, te raima rānei me ngā whakaritenga motuhake, ka taea te whakanui ake i te horopeta ki te neke atu i te 0.3% (engari kāore i te neke atu i te 0.5%). E whakaatu ana ngā whakamātautau i te horopeta 0.5%, kāore te raima e pāngia e te ngaronga piripono, e te wehenga rānei o te konganuku-whakapiri, ka piki tonu te tere whakaheke wai, engari ka piki ake te ihirangi hau, ka whakaroa te whakatō, ā, ka paku heke te kaha.
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