He whānui rawa ngā whakamahinga o te anhydride maleic, e whakamahia ana i roto i te hanga kapia polyester kāore i te mākū (UPR) (ngā mea kua whakakahangia, ngā mea kāore i te whakakahangia), ngā paninga, ngā peita, ngā waituhi, ngā kirihou hangarau, ngā rongoā, ngā patupatu pepeke, te hanga pepa, ngā āwhina kakahu, ngā tāpiringa kai, ngā tāpiringa whāngai...
Ngā Āhuatanga me ngā Whakamahinga o te Maleic Anhydride Ko te Maleic Anhydride (MA), e mōhiotia ana ko te 2,5-Furandione, e kiia ana ko te maleic anhydride, ko te dehydride malic dehydrated rānei. Hei rauemi mata matū waro taketake matua, ko te maleic anhydride tētahi o ngā anhydride tino nui i roto i te matū waro taketake...
Ko te tikanga whakaputa o te konupūmā formate kei roto i te mara hangarau o te hanga hua matū. He rauemi mata matū waro e whakamahia whānuitia ana te konupūmā formate. I tēnei wā, he nui ngā utu hua me ngā poke o ngā tikanga whakaputa konupūmā formate o nāianei. Ko tēnei hangarau...
Ko te konupūmā formate, e mōhiotia ana ko te formate pōpokorua, ko te tātai ngota C₂H₂O₄Ca. E whakamahia ana hei tāpiringa kai e tika ana mō ngā momo kararehe, me ngā mahi pēnei i te waikawa, te ātete ki te harore, me te mahi patu huakita. I roto i te ahumahi, e whakamahia ana hoki hei tāpiringa i roto i te raima me te moata, mō...
Te Tūranga o te Konupūmā Formate i roto i te Konukuraiti E rua ngā mahi matua a te konupūmā formate i roto i te konukuraiti: Te Whakaiti Wai: Ka mahi te konupūmā formate hei whakaiti wai i roto i te konukuraiti. Ka whakaitihia e ia te ōwehenga wai-sima o te konukuraiti, ka whakapai ake i tōna rere me te kaha papu. Mā te whakaiti i te nui o te wai e tāpirihia ana, ka whakarei ake...
He Tukanga Whakaputa Kakariki Mā te Whakamahi i te CO me te Ca(OH)₂ hei Rauemi Mata o te konupūmā formate Ko te tukanga whakaputa mā te whakamahi i te waro haukini (CO) me te konupūmā hauwai (Ca(OH)₂) hei rauemi mata he painga pēnei i te whakahaere ngāwari, te kore o ngā hua taha kino, me te whānuitanga o ngā pūtake rauemi mata. He mea nui, ka tutuki...
I tēnei wā, e rua ngā wāhanga o ngā tikanga hanga matua mō te konupūmā formate i Haina: te hanga hua tuatahi me te hanga hua taha. Ko te tikanga hanga hua taha—i ahu mai i te hanga polyol—kua āta whakamutua haeretia nā ngā take pēnei i te whakamahinga o te hau chlorine, te hua taha...
Ko te konupūmā formate, e mōhiotia ana ko te Calcium Diformate, e whakamahia whānuitia ana ehara i te mea hei tāpiri whāngai me te kaihoko tango whanariki mō te hau paru mai i te tahunga wahie whanariki-nui anake, engari hei takawaenga hoki i roto i te hanga patu taru, hei kaiwhakahaere tipu tipu, hei āwhina i roto i te umanga hiako, me te tautoko...
Te whakapai ake i te mahi a te sima: Mā te horopeta tika o te konupūmā formate ka whakarei ake i te ngāwari me te ngāwari o te sima, ka whakapai ake i tōna ngāwari ki te tukatuka me te hanga. Mā tēnei ka māmā ake te whakaranu, te riringi, me te whakakīkī i te ranunga sima. Te whakanui ake i te kaha o te sima: Ka whakatairanga te konupūmā formate i te...
Te Tūranga o te Konupūmā Formate i roto i te Sima He maha ngā mahi matua a te konupūmā formate i roto i te sima: Te whakaroa i te taunga me te whakapakeketanga o te sima: Ka tauhohe te konupūmā formate ki te wai, ka tauhohe hoki te konupūmā sulfate whakamakuku i roto i te sima hei whakaputa i te konupūmā diformate me te konupūmā sulfate. Ka whakaitihia e tēnei tauhohenga te tere o te whakamakuku...
Ko te tikanga, ko te pāmahana hanga kiriata o te paura rapa ka taea te whakamarara anō kei runga ake i te 0°C, ko ngā hua EVA ia he pāmahana hanga kiriata kei te 0–5°C. I ngā pāmahana iti iho, kāore e taea te hanga kiriata (he ngoikore rānei te kounga o te kiriata), ka whakararu i te ngāwari me te piri o te polymer mo...
I ngā pāmahana iti, ka puhoi te tere o te makuku, ka pā ki te whai huatanga o te hanga. Ina heke te pāmahana ki raro i te hukapapa, ka huri te wai hei hukapapa, ka whānui te rahinga, ā, ka ngāwari ki te puta he hapa pēnei i te poka me te tihore. I muri i te mimiti o te wai, ka nui haere ngā āputa o roto, he mea nui...